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| 1581 |
| | | Finland is granted the status of a separate grand duchy within the realm of Sweden | |
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| 1617 |
| | | The treaty of Stolbova brings into Swedish hands the coast round the Gulf of Finland, ending Russian access to the Baltic | |
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| 1808 |
| | | Russia, after winning much of Finland from Sweden during the previous century, invades again in 1808 | |
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| 1809 |
| | | In the Treaty of Hamina (or Fredrikshamn), Sweden cedes Finland to Russia as an autonomous grand duchy | |
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| 1900 |
| | | Jean Sibelius's Finlandia stirs national instincts in Helsinki | |
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| 1904 |
| | | Finnish architect Gottlieb Eliel Saarinen wins the competition to build Helsinki's railway station | |
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| 1917 July |
| | | Trotsky is imprisoned and Lenin flees to Finland as Russia's Provisional Government cracks down on the Bolsheviks | |
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| 1917 October |
| | | Lenin, in disguise, returns from Finland to Petrograd, where he hides in the flat of a party worker | |
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| 1919 January 4 |
| | | Finland wins freedom from Russia and becomes an independent republic | |
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| 1935 |
| | | The Viipury Library in Finland makes the reputation of a young Finnish architect, Alvar Aalto | |
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